Finance & Economics

The Origins of Modern Finance Part 1 (of a 3 Part Series)

The Beginning

The present financial system, while recognizing private ownership, is based largely on interest. Money is a most fundamental tester of human character. Money will expose most people very deeply. All this is well known, but less well known is the process by which this power of money has been brought under the absolute control of a small group of people. An integral part of that seizure of power is the process of obtaining complete political control of the world.

 Since historical times, money consisted of a coinage which had a value as a metal, was minted by the state, and issued debt-free. These coins were the principal medium of exchange. Gold and silver were the most acceptable metal for coinage.

 But gold had to be well protected by those who possessed large quantities of it. As trade developed from the 12th century onward, it became customary to ask the local goldsmiths (who had the best strong-rooms and who were regarded as honest), to take care of their gold. So it was that the merchants kept their gold with these goldsmiths and, in return, were issued receipts by the goldsmith.

As these receipts were INDIVIDUAL and not BEARER receipts, the risk of theft was cut down. Over a period of time, the goldsmith soon realized that he always had considerable stocks of gold on his hands, since it never happened that all his clients would ask for all their gold at the same time. The receipts issued by the goldsmiths were in themselves “forms of money “, since it was safer to carry, as well as transact trade. Traders used what was, in effect, an early cheque system, by giving these receipts to traders for goods.

 The real dividing line between the old system and the new, the conception of modern finance, was determined by the following:

The goldsmiths, realizing that they held what was in effect “idle money”, decided to issue their own receipts as though it was backed by their own gold – THUS CREATING MONEY, and to lend the receipts as money, with interest. These receipts were often used to purchase real physical assets. The goldsmith issued receipts in EXCESS of his gold holdings, being aware of the fact – on the basis of long experience – that all of the receipts that he had issued would never be presented for gold at the same time. Consequently, his reputation for prompt payment on demand would remain unimpeded.

 While the goldsmith was lending his illegal money at interest, and acquiring real wealth, the cost to him was nothing more than ink and paper. As a result he began to acquire land and property. It also enabled him to buy more gold, which enabled him to expand credit (by issuing more receipts).  The goldsmith net worth kept on increasing, using his clients gold as a foundation to start this fraudulent process.

 It will be easily understood that this discovery was bound to have global ramifications, with historical and political importance. The goldsmiths, now turned bankers, had discovered a formula by which they could acquire wealth with ease, and at a rate that no one else could match. The one condition for success was complete secrecy, along with the full backing of the state, so that the new method would be legalized and protected, and its monopoly maintained.

 Since gold is scare and the quantity mined is limited, it was impossible to make counterfeit money. It was only when the goldsmith realized he could issue more receipts than there was gold that he became a counterfeiter. He had the ability to inflate the money supply (by issuing more receipts than there was gold), and he frequently did this. This only worked for a short while; as the volume of receipts increased in circulation, money supply increased and the price of goods increased- as more money now chased the same amount of goods. The receipt holders began to lose confidence in their receipts (paper money), and returned them to the goldsmith to claim their gold.

 When more receipt holders showed up than there was gold, the goldsmith went bankrupt, and was frequently jailed, if not murdered, for the majority of goldsmiths were Jews. To avoid this, the Jewish goldsmith ran for his life, taking with him whatever wealth he could carry on his person. Since diamonds are the most potable form of wealth, it was only natural that the international diamond business remained in their hands; examples are the control of De Beers Diamonds by the Oppenheimer and Rothschild families.

 The people’s check on the goldsmiths acted as a restraint to the inflation of money (paper receipts). This limited the greed of the goldsmiths and forced them into looking for a better and safer way of increasing their wealth. The only way this could be done was to include the state into their scheme. With the backing of the State, their aim was to make their gold receipts as “legal tender”; and to prohibit the receipt holder from redeeming the receipts back into gold bullion. Thirdly, was to make all other paper receipts “counterfeit”, and finally, that gold could no longer be used as money.

 This posed an additional problem for the goldsmith, now turned banker. He now had to include the State in his scheme to increase his personal wealth and power. The leader of the State, or King, when approached by the bankers with this scheme, sometimes decided to eliminate the bankers altogether and operate the scheme for themselves. The bankers then were had to replace the King with someone the bankers felt could be trusted and controlled. This process was costly and extremely risky, but the enormity of the long-term wealth and power that could be accumulated by this method was worth all the extra hazards.

 Many times, the Kings themselves were clients of the goldsmiths/bankers. At times, the King could not repay these loans, and the King should often have these bankers killed. Since the Kings were Christian rulers, and the bankers being Jews, the justification for their murders was that these Jews killed Jesus Christ (pbuh). And so, these Jewish bankers began the practice, known in politics, as the “king-maker, King-breaker” policy. If any King did not play ball, the bankers would finance a rival to become King, a rival on the payroll of the bankers.

 It is in the nature of usury that it needs an ever-expanding market. The parasite cannot live indefinitely on one and the same victim only. He must continuously bring new ones into his net. On the other hand, the current order (political, economic, social, and religious) did not suit the plan of the bankers. For them to succeed, they must destroy all forms of existing order, and replace it with their own – the so-called NEW WORLD ORDER.

 It was essential to gain total control of all political entities, for the very existence of separate and independent political entities was intolerable to those who had discovered the key to world power. If religion taught men to obey moral laws incompatible with the wishes of the bankers, then every belief in God had to be eliminated or suppressed. The aim of personal material enrichment, or greed, had to be proclaimed as the only worthy aspiration. The schemes of the bankers had, at all times, to be carried out so as to take advantage of political changes and economic opportunities, and to orchestrate these adjustments, and even violent events, which would pave their way for the “next phase”. The bankers had to take many such steps in order to achieve their goals- a State-backed central bank.

The Jewish Conquest of Europe Begins

In the 8th Century, Christian Spain fell to the Muslims. Many Jews (of the Sephardic branch-those who originate in the Middle East) followed the Muslims into Spain. Many Jews became advisers to the Muslim rulers, and occupied key positions as tax collectors, as Finance Ministers, and as administrators. From these positions, more power was acquired, and their influence was increased.

 When Muslim-ruled Spain fell to the Christians in 1494, the majority of the Muslims were expelled from Spain. Two years later, the Jews followed the Muslims. The Jews were more hated than the Muslims, as they saw a Muslim conqueror, and a Jewish administrator. As previously noted, the ruling and governing body of the Jews was the Talmudic Council (which moved to Spain from the Middle East in 780 with the conquest by the Muslims), was based in Toledo, Spain. This Talmudic Council then re-located its base to Eastern Poland in 1497, where it would remain till 1773, when it moved to Frankfurt, Germany, and renamed itself the Illuminati Council.

 The Jewish bankers instead moved to Holland, at that time a colony of Spain, and re-established themselves in Amsterdam.

The Levant Trading Company to the Dutch East India Company

By the late 1500s, Holland broke away from Spain. Within that time period, these goldsmiths or bankers grew strong roots in Amsterdam.  When the nascent Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople in 1453, it disrupted the flow of trade between China and Europe – along the legendary Silk Route. Venice was at the western end of this trade route. Business declined so much that the main company dealing in the Silk Route trade abandoned Venice and moved to Amsterdam. In 1602, the Levant Trading Company now became the Dutch East India Company (the DEIC), with a charter from the state to conduct business in Asia. Instead of relying on trade conducted by land, many European nations began to trade via the sea routes.

 In 1609, these Jewish bankers then formed the Bank of Amsterdam- the world’s first central bank. With a central bank and a State-chartered company, the Dutch began its rise to becoming a colonial power.

 DEIC became the world’s first formally listed public company.  It was influential in the rise of corporate-led globalization in the early modern period. In many respects, modern-day corporations are all the ‘direct descendants’ of the DEIC model. It was their 17th century institutional innovations and business practices that laid the foundations for the rise of giant global corporations in subsequent centuries] – as a highly significant and formidable socio-politico-economic force of the modern-day world – to become the dominant factor in almost all economic systems today. They also served as the direct model for the organizational reconstruction of the English/British East India Company in 1657. The Company, for nearly 200 years of its existence (1602–1800), had effectively transformed itself from a corporate entity into a state or an empire in its own right.

 With increasing importance of foreign posts, the Company is often considered the world’s first true transnational corporation. To further its trade routes, the DEIC-funded exploratory voyages revealed largely unknown landmasses to the western world. DEIC navigators and cartographers helped shape geographical knowledge of the world as we know it today. In 1799, all assets were taken over by the government with DEIC territories becoming Dutch government colonies. The company has been criticized for its monopolistic policy, exploitation, colonialism, uses of violence, and slavery.

Target England

Holland was situated on continental Europe. Although its economy was now booming, it faced a hefty military bill as it was forced to have a large standing army to defend itself from land invasions, along with a huge navy to conquer foreign lands for trade. It could do one, but not both. Dutch Jewish finance found a solution to this dilemma – England.

 England was an island, with a capable population, good climate, rich, good seamen and fighters, along with an efficient administration. It would make an ideal base. But, the one problem was that England was run by a Catholic monarchy.  Before we go onto how Jewish finance took over England, we need to make a small, but important detour.

The Birth of Protestanism

 In Europe, between the 9th and 18th Century, Jews were routinely attacked, killed, and expelled. All of this was a reaction to the cruelty of Jewish moneylenders, their practice of satanic rituals, and the Christian belief that the Jews killed Jesus (pbuh).

 To reduce the power of the Church, the Talmudic Government aimed to destroy Christianity in Europe, along with the monarchy system. In 1501, the Talmudists appointed a Swiss Jewish secret agent by the name of Cohen, who changed his name to John Calvin- in order to disguise his Jewish identity. He preached a new religion, first called Calvinism. As the idea grew into a religion protesting the old order of the Church- it changed into what we now know as the Protestant religion! Calvin moved throughout Europe, supported by the covert network of the Talmudic government.

 Another Jew, Huldrich Zwingle became a reformer like Cohen. It was he who set Zurich on the path to becoming a world banking center. He denied that lending money on interest was a sin. Luther, another Swiss Jew stated that it was sinful for a Christian to lend money. While the Catholic Church did not fully lift its injunction against lending money until 1836 (when the Rothschilds lent money to the Pope), capital markets and banks began to function almost as soon as these changes made large scale investments possible.

 The Talmudic Government followed the policy of “divide-and –rule” in respect to the Catholic Church, and they have succeeded beyond their wildest dreams. In short, the Protestant religion was an invention of Jewish finance!

 The English Revolution

 The leading Jewish banker in Amsterdam was a man called Solomon Medina. Using Amsterdam as a base Jewish financial power was directed towards England and the destruction of the ruling Stuart Dynasty. How this came about is a long story, and here we will do a short version.

 Jewish finance succeeded in weakening of the Catholic Church in England. They imposed their new false religion, Protestantism, over England and the installation of their agent, Cromwell, to the leadership position. Solomon’s main agents in this plot were Menessah ben Israel and Oliver Cromwell.

 Between 1600 and 1650, England was thrown into internal turmoil and external wars with both Holland and France. At the conclusion of war between England and Holland in 1674, the Jewish bankers elevate plain William Stradholder to the rank of Captain General of the Dutch military, and he became known as William, Prince of Orange. A few years later he marries Princess Mary of England, and after much intrigue, in 1689, William of Orange and Mary become the King and queen of England. From them follows the British House of Windsor.

The Bank of England

 To recoup the cost of financing all the events leading to the takeover of the English throne, the new King of England, Prince William, grants Solomon Medina and his nominees a bank charter. This bank charter became established in 1694 as the Bank of England. The monies loaned over the years, !.25 million pounds, constituted the Bank’s capital.

 The Jewish bankers never intended that England be allowed to pay off the debt. Their plan was to create international conditions which would plunge the European nations deeper into debt. In 4 years, from 1694 to 1698, the national debt increased from 1.25 million pounds to 16 million pounds. The debt accumulated because of wars. The events leading up to the French Revolution show how, between 1698 and 1815, the English national debt increased to 85 million pounds.

 In 1744, English Prime Minister Peel passed a law through Parliament which effectively gave the Bank of England monopoly powers to issue and control the value of currency.

The British East India Company

Soon after the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, the captured Spanish and Portuguese ships with their cargoes enabled English voyagers to potentially travel the globe in search of riches.

The British East India Company   was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with Mughal India and the East Indies, and later with Qing China. The company ended up seizing control over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, colonized, and colonized Hong Kong after a war with Qing China.

 The company rose to account for half of the world’s trade,particularly in basic commodities and opium. The company also ruled the beginnings of the British Empire in India.

The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies. Before them the Portuguese Estado da Índia had traded there for much of the 16th century and the first of half a dozen Dutch Companies sailed to trade there from 1595. 

During its first century of operation, the focus of the company was trade, not the building of an empire in India. Company interests turned from trade to territory during the 18th century as the Mughal Empire declined in power and the East India Company struggled with its French counterpart, the French East India Company during the Carnatic Wars of the 1740s and 1750s. The battles of Plassey and Buxar, in which the British defeated the Bengali powers, left the company in control of Bengal with the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar, and a major military and political power in India. In the following decades it gradually increased the extent of the territories under its control, controlling the majority of the Indian subcontinent either directly or indirectly via local puppet rulers under the threat of force by its Presidency armies, much of which were composed of native Indian sepoys.

By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000—twice the size of the British Army.  The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and seizing administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the revolt of 1857, led to the British Crown’s assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.

 The BEIC took over from the DEIC, as the ruling and controlling people were the same. The spectacular rise of the British Empire began from this point on.

The French Revolution

England was in constant conflict with the major European powers of Portugal, Spain and Holland. It managed to defeat them between 1600 and 1680. The single opponent of England was France by the late 18th century. By 1769, the French East India Company ceased operations in the East. When France gave up any aspirations of having an Asian empire, Britain and its Jewish bankers moved fast.

 The aim of Jewish finance was to make Britain into a world power. But in order to have unfettered domination of the world, Britain would have to eliminate its only serious rival – France. By 1763, France had become weaker due to its many wars, and its need to secure its continental borders. The bankers knew that France was now on its way to becoming a stronger power in the future, as she was a nation-state and was on an upward developing phase in its economy and industry. She had to be destroyed before she became any stronger. A frontal assault on France would not guarantee success as there were no other forces strong enough in Europe to take her on. The only way that France could be laid low was through internal destabilization – a revolution.

 Both London and Amsterdam worked together, in conjunction with a new force, to bring down the rule of King Louis of France. Once again, through intrigue, they achieved their aim. In 1789, the French King Louis was toppled and beheaded, and Jewish finance now controlled France as well. This time, they were aided by a new and destructive force which had entered the West some 26 years earlier.

The Ashkenazi Jews and the Illuminati Council

The Khazar Jews are known as the Ashkenazi Jews. Their bloodline goes back to the Caspian region, from where they emigrated to Eastern Europe since the 11 th century. After the Jews were expelled from Spain, in 1496, the Talmudic Government moved its base from Spain to Poland. And in 1773, a meeting was held in Frankfurt, Germany, to implement the plan that came to be known as “The Protocols of Zion“

 Present were 12 of the most influential men in Jewry, comprising mainly bankers and the highest rabbis. The Ashkenazi branch of Jewry was represented as well. It was here that the finalization of the French revolution was planned. The Rothschild family, the current rulers of Jewry are of Ashkenazi stock.

 With the successful takeover of France, British bankers then established the Bank of France- a central bank. With this, Jewish finance and the Talmudic government – now known as the Illuminati Council – worked all out to change the political equation in Europe, using the twin levers of finance and the road map laid out in the Protocols of Zion. Within 120 years of the French Revolution, the Rothschild family became the dominant force in Europe, and much of the rest of the world.

 The Jewish bankers put their agent, Napoleon Bonaparte to rule France. But, by 1804, 4 years after the establishment of the Bank of France, Napoleon broke away from his backers over the way they were operating. Napoleon then became a bitter enemy of the French elite. It took another 13 years before the bankers could defeat Napoleon. It was in this period, between 1804 and 1817 that the Rothschild family ascended to the pinnacle of European finance.

Other Central Banks

Many wars were fought in this period. In America, the battle to establish a central bank was intense. More on this when we are discussing the geopolitics of America. In 1913, the Rothschilds in combination with the Rockefeller family established a central bank called The Federal Reserve Bank.

 In Germany, which successfully defeated France in 1871, a central was shortly established, which was called the Reichsbank. In Russia, a central bank was established after the 2 families overthrew the Romanov Dynasty that ruled Russia, in the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917/18.

 Thus, it came about, that by the beginning of the 20th century, all the major nations of the world had a central bank that was owned by the Rothschild family, and its allies. The key for the success of these central banks was the use of gold in their banking and financial operations. And this is the main topic in Part 2 of these series.

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